Answer :
Yes, Athens was a State or a Stateless Community. The Political Context of Athenian Law
The chapter places the Athenian judicial system in its broader political environment. First of all, it demonstrates how the Athenians maintained a separation between the public and private spheres as well as between Athens officials, who were primarily in charge of upholding the peace, and commoners.
Second, it shows that public officials, not private citizens, were given primary duty for enforcing regulations in the laws and decrees approved by the Athenian Assembly. Thirdly, it examines the Council's and the Areopagus's functions in conducting criminal investigations and apprehending offenders. Fourth, it examines the laws governing the use of force by private citizens and finds that, as in contemporary civilizations, such use was limited to a few exceptional instances.
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