Answer :
In the electron transport chain protons are pumped in the intermembranous space, an electrochemical gradient appears. Protons flow back to the mitochondrial matrix through the ATP-synthase providing the energy necessary for ATP synthesis.
In the electron transport chain protons are pumped in the intermembranous space, an electrochemical gradient appears. Protons flow back to the mitochondrial matrix through the ATP-synthase providing the energy necessary for ATP synthesis.